Back مناظرههای انتخابات ریاستجمهوری ایالات متحده آمریکا (۲۰۱۲) Persian Debates na eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 2012 Portuguese
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 2012 U.S. presidential election | |
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The bipartisan Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD) held four debates for the 2012 U.S. presidential general election, slated for various locations around the United States in October 2012 – three of them involving the major party presidential nominees; those being Democratic President Barack Obama from Illinois and Republican Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts, and one involving the vice-presidential nominees, those being Vice President Joe Biden from Delaware and Congressman Paul Ryan of Wisconsin.[1]
The CPD stipulates three criteria for eligibility: constitutionally eligible, appearance on enough ballots to potentially reach 270 electoral votes, and average at least 15% on five selected national polls.[2] Two candidates satisfied all requirements to participate: Obama and Romney.
The moderators for the debates were announced on August 13, 2012.[3][4]
All four debates took place between 9 p.m. and 10:30 p.m. EDT (6 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. PDT).[5]
Subsequently, on October 3, 2012, both campaigns executed a memorandum of understanding governing technical and administrative details of the debate.[6] The agreement describes the role of the moderator, rules applicable to each debate, staging and seating arrangements, and ticket distribution, and was signed by Robert Bauer and Benjamin Ginsberg, general counsel of the Obama and Romney campaigns, respectively.[6]
Several non-CPD sanctioned debates among third party candidates took place. The first, moderated by Larry King and organized by the Free and Equal Elections Foundation, took place on October 23, 2012, between Rocky Anderson, Virgil Goode, Gary Johnson, and Jill Stein.[7] Stein and Johnson were selected using instant-runoff voting for a second Free and Equal Elections Foundation debate, which was hosted by RT and took place on November 5, 2012.[8][9] Ralph Nader hosted and moderated a debate between Anderson, Stein, Goode, and Johnson, on November 4, 2012.[10]
- ^ Little, Morgan (July 25, 2012) "Presidential debate formats announced, feature town hall", Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
- ^ "Candidate Selection Criteria". Commission on Presidential Debates. Archived from the original on October 2, 2012. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
- ^ Byers, Dylan (August 13, 2012) "Presidential Debate Moderators Announced", Politico. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
- ^ Blake, Aaron (August 13, 2012) "Presidential debate moderators announced: Crowley is first woman in 20 years", The Washington Post. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
- ^ "CPD Announces 2012 Debates Format (July 25, 2012)". Debates.org. Archived from the original on October 4, 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2012.
- ^ a b "Candy Crowley's Moderator Role Under Scrutiny Before Tuesday Town Hall – The Page by Mark Halperin – TIME.com". Time. October 14, 2012. Archived from the original on March 19, 2016. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
- ^ Sullivan, Sean (October 23, 2012). "Third-party presidential candidates rail against Obama and Romney at debate (VIDEO)". Washington Post.
- ^ Hicks, Josh (October 24, 2012). "Another third party debate in the works". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 1, 2012. Retrieved October 25, 2012.
- ^ "Free and Equal Elections Foundation Changes Presidential Debate to November 5 Due to Hurricane - Free & Equal". Freeandequal.org. October 28, 2012. Archived from the original on November 12, 2012. Retrieved November 7, 2012.
- ^ "Ralph Nader to Host Third-Party Presidential Debate in D.C. Nov. 4" (Press release). Archived from the original on October 27, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.
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